The Odyssey

Odysseus is a very cunning character. One example of this is when he tells Polyphemus that his ship has crashed into the island. This is important because if Polyphemus had found their ship, he would have found the rest of the crew. The best example of Odysseus' cunning behavior is when he tells the Cyclops that his name is "Nobody." This becomes significant later in the story when Polyphemus tells the other Cyclops that "Nobody is trying to kill me." Odysseus is also clever when he uses the sheep to escape. His cunning behavior shows he has a very tricky and conniving character. I believe his clever tricks make him more of a hero. He is able to outsmart his enemies, instead of relying only on physical strength His actions are still brave and courageous because there is no guarantee that his enemy will fall for the trick.

The grotesque details of the battle scene demonstrate how comfortable the Greeks were with the issue of war. Many Americans would be repulsed by reading such detailed descriptions of the War on Terror. Our culture is not used to the idea of war and is uncomfortable with the details of this issue. However, for the Greeks, battles and fighting was a normal part of their lives. Homer is not too detailed for his original audience. His descriptions allow the reader to clearly picture what is occurring. The narrative condones fighting and brutality. The violence is depicted as acceptable and understandable.

The Iliad

Homer's epic demonstrates several values of the Ancient Greeks. The story shows the importance of the gods in the lives of man. The Greeks offered sacrifices and listened to the messages of the gods. The story also shows the value the Greek society placed on family. Hector's parents pleaded with him to not fight Achilles because they desperately wanted him to live. After Hector's death, Priam was devastated. The Greeks were also very devoted to their city-state. The soldiers took pride in fighting for their homeland.

Throughout the story, Achilles is depicted as a very strong character. He is called a "shining sprinter," and is feared by most of the Trojans. Achilles is also a very determined character. He is focused on getting revenge for the death of Patroclus. Later in the story, Achilles is sympathetic towards Priam because he reminds him of his own father. The message from the gods lead Achilles to change. He gives Hector's body back to his family, and protects Priam from the Greek soldiers. Although he is still strong and determined, he becomes sympathetic and understanding.